Ancient Greek philosophers debated the existence of a vacuum, or void, in the context of atomism, which posited void and atom as the fundamental explanatory elements of physics. Historically, there has been much dispute over whether such a thing as a vacuum can exist. Vacuum is one of the few words in the English language that contains two consecutive letters u.
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The word vacuum comes from Latin 'an empty space, void', noun use of neuter of vacuus, meaning "empty", related to vacare, meaning "to be empty".
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Other things equal, lower gas pressure means higher-quality vacuum. The quality of a partial vacuum refers to how closely it approaches a perfect vacuum. The Latin term in vacuo is used to describe an object that is surrounded by a vacuum. In engineering and applied physics on the other hand, vacuum refers to any space in which the pressure is considerably lower than atmospheric pressure.
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Physicists often discuss ideal test results that would occur in a perfect vacuum, which they sometimes simply call "vacuum" or free space, and use the term partial vacuum to refer to an actual imperfect vacuum as one might have in a laboratory or in space. An approximation to such vacuum is a region with a gaseous pressure much less than atmospheric pressure. The word is derived from the Latin adjective vacuus for "vacant" or " void".